• Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru: Dictionary of the Welsh language, historical dictionary & Welsh-English
• University of Wales: Welsh-English dictionary
• Lexicelt: Welsh-Irish dictionary
• vocabulary by topics: phrases (+ audio) & grammar
• Welsh-Catalan dictionary & etymology
• Cyfystyron y gymraeg: dictionary of Welsh synonyms by Griffith Jones (1892)
• Geiriadur Cymraeg a Saesneg, Spurell's Welsh-English dictionary (1934)
• Geiriadur Cymraeg a Saesonaeg, A Dictionary of the Welsh language & grammar by William Spurrell (1848)
• The Welsh vocabulary of the Bangor district, by Osbert Fynes-Clinton (1913)
• Pocket dictionary Welsh-English, Geiriadur llogel Cymraeg a Saesoneg, by William Richards (1861)
• English and Welsh dictionary, Geiriadur Seisoneg a Chymraeg, by Daniel Silvan Evans (1858)
• English and Welsh pronouncing dictionary, in which the pronunciation is given in Welsh letters, by Robert Prys (1857)
• Pictorial dictionary by Eliza Pughe (~1840)
• Vocabulary of familiar dialogues in English and Welsh by William Williams (1829)
• English and Welsh dictionary by John Walters (1828)
• English-Welsh dictionary, Geiriadur Saesneg a Chymraeg, by William Evans & improved by T. Richards (1812)
• English and Welch vocabulary or An Easy Guide to the Antient British Language, by Thomas Evans (1804)
• The English and Welch dictionary by John Roderick (1737)
• A Welsh classical dictionary: people in history and legend up to about a.d. 1000 (onomastic) by Peter Bartrum (1993)
• Glossary of mediæval Welsh law, based upon the Black book of Chirk (Llyfr Du o'r Waun) by Timothy Lewis (1913)
• Antiquæ Linguæ Britannicæ, nunc vulgo dictæ Cambro-Britannicæ et Linguæ Latinæ Dictionarum Duplex: Welsh-Latin dictionary, by John Davies (1632)
• Antiquæ Linguæ Britannicæ (1809 edition)
• e-Gymraeg: English-Welsh dictionary of place names (+ audio)
• The place-names of Wales by Thomas Morgan (1912)
• L'archéologie et la linguistique dans le Pays de Galles by Joseph Loth, in Annales de Bretagne (1925) : I & - II
• Welsh names by David Geraint Lewis (2001)
→ Welsh keyboard to type the accents of the Welsh words
• Madog: Welsh pronunciation
• Learn 101: Welsh course (+ audio)
• BBC learning Welsh
• Clwb Malu Cachu: Welsh course & useful expressions, pronunciation
• Welsh course by Mark Nodine
• Dysgu digidol i Gymru, Digital learning for Wales
• studies about the Welsh phonology, by Tomasz Czerniak
• Welsh vowels, element distribution and interaction
• The changing use of diminutive expressions in Welsh by Karolina Rosiak, in Celts and their cultures at home and abroad (2013)
• The use of diminutives by speakers of Welsh by Karolina Rosiak, in Perspectives on Celtic languages (2009)
• The role and importance of the Welsh language in Wales's cultural independence within the United Kingdom, by Sylvain Scaglia, master thesis (2012)
• studies about the Medieval Welsh, by Helen Fulton
• The status of the Welsh language in Medieval Wales, in The land beneath the sea (2013)
• Modern Welsh grammar by Gareth King (2002)
• Teach yourself Welsh (1960)
• Welsh grammar, historical and comparative : phonology and accidence, by John Morris Jones (1913)
• Guide to Welsh by Thomas Jones (1907): I & II
• Welsh grammar for schools by Edward Anwyl (1907): I & II
• Welsh as a specific subject for elementary schools (1891): I & II
• Grammadeg Cymreig: Welsh grammar by Emrys Ap Iwan (1881)
• Grammar of the Welsh language by Thomas Rowland (1876)
• Grammadeg i'r iaith Gymraeg: grammar of the Welsh language, by John Williams & E. Roberts (1862)
• Orgraph yr iaith Gymraeg: orthography of the Welsh language, by Robert John Pryse & Thomas Stephens (1859)
• Grammadeg o iaith y Cymry, Grammar of the Welsh language, by William Spurrell (1853)
• Practical Welsh grammar, Gramadeg Cymreig, by John Mendus Jones (1847)
• Compendious Welsh grammar, Introduction to the Welsh language, by William Gambold (1843)
• Grammar of the Welsh language by William Owen Pughe (1832)
• Y llyfr cyntaf Pryderi fab Pwyll: first Welsh reader, elementary school books, by John Young Evans (1922)
• Southall's bi-lingual reader adapted for Welsh elementary schools (1911): I & II - III
• Welsh and English for day schools: texts with vocabulary, grammar by Thomas Bowen (1897)
• Cant o hanesion difyrus at wasanaeth ysgolion dyddiol, Tales for schools, with vocabulary (1893)
• The English element in Welsh, a study of English loan-words in Welsh, by Thomas Herbert Parry-Williams (1923)
• Some points of similarity in the phonology of Welsh and Breton by Thomas Herbert Parry-Williams (1913)
• Wales and her language considered from a historical, educational and social standpoint with remarks on modern Welsh literature, by John Southall (1892)
• Introduction to early Welsh by John Strachan (1909)
• Le vieux gallois: Early Welsh, by Alexandre Falileyev (2008)
• books about the Welsh language: Google books | Internet archive | Academia | Wikipedia
• BBC Cymru'r byd (radio)
• Live
• Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru, National Library of Wales
• Y Brython: Welsh magazine edited in 1858-1863
• LyrikLine: Welsh poems, with translation (+ audio)
• Dafydd ap Gwilym: the most famous Welsh poet (14th)
• Aspects of Welsh Poetry in the 20th century, by Branwen Jarvis, in Caliban (1981)
• The literature of the Kymry, being a critical essay on the history of the language and literature of Wales (12th-15th centuries) with ancient Welsh poetry & English translations, by Thomas Stephens & Daniel Silvan Evans (1876)
• The history of the literature of Wales, from the year 1300 to the year 1650, by Charles Wilkins (1884)
• The Renaissance and Welsh literature, being a review of some of the Welsh classics in the light of the humanistic movement, by William Meredith Morris (1908)
• Wales in the seventeenth century, its literature and men of letters and action, by James Cornelius Morrice (1918)
• Manual of Welsh literature by James Cornelius Morrice (1909)
• An essay on the influence of Welsh tradition upon the literature of Germany, France and Scandinavia, by Albert Schultz (1841)
• The Manibogion: the Welsh texts
• The Mabinogion: the Welsh texts with a translation into English, by Charlotte Elizabeth Guest (1838): I & II - III
• The text of the Mabinogion and other Welsh tales from the Red Book of Hergest, edited by John Rhys & John Gwenogvryn Evans (1887)
• Peredur ab Efrawc & Welsh-English glossary, by Kuno Meyer (1887)
• Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch (The White Book of Rhydderch): manuscript
• The history of Gruffydd ap Cynan, the Welsh text & translation into English, by Arthur Jones (1910)
• The four ancient books of Wales containing the Cymric poems attributed to the bards of the sixth century, by William Skene (1868): I (introduction & tranlation) & II (Welsh texts)
• Gwaith, Poetical works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a celebrated bard who flourished in the reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard III and Henry VII, by John Jones (1837): I & II
• Iolo manuscripts, selection of ancient Welsh manuscripts, with English translation & notes (1888)
• Clychau'r Nadolig, hen garolau Cymreig, Christmas bells, old Welsh carols, with English translation by Thomas Gwynn Jones (1942)
• Canu haf, Summer carols, with English translation by Thomas Gwynn Jones (1944)
• books about Welsh literature: Google books & Internet archive
• Beibl.net: translation of the Bible into Welsh
• Bible.is: Beibl Cymraeg Newydd (Revised New Welsh Bible) translation of the New Testament (+ audio)
• Y Bibl Cyssegr-lan (1900)
• Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru: manuscripts & earliest books
• Yny lhyvyr hwnn: the earliest book printed in Welsh (1546)
• Y Beibl: The first translation of the Bible into Welsh, by William Morgan (1588)
Genir pawb yn rhydd ac yn gydradd â'i gilydd mewn urddas a hawliau.
Fe'u cynysgaeddir â rheswm a chydwybod, a dylai pawb ymddwyn y naill at y llall mewn ysbryd cymodlon.
→ First article in different languages
→ Universal Declaration of Human Rights: in Welsh, Breton, Gaelic, English & other languages
Cymro | [keum-ro] Welshman, plural: cymry, from kom-brog: kom has the same sens of the Latin cum (= with), brog means the country (cf. breton bro) ; Cymro means compatriote. |
Cymru | Wales, same origin of Cambria |
cymraeg | [keum-raïg] Welsh (language) |
Yr Alban | Scotland |
Albanwr | Écossais (personne) |
Iwerddon | Ireland |
Llydaw | Britanny |
Llydaweg | Breton (language) |
Prydain | (Great) Britain |
Lloegr | England |
Sais | Englishman cf. saxon |
Saesne | Anglaise |
Saeson | English people |
Saesneg | English (language) |
Ffrainc | France |
Ffrancwr | Frenchman (personne) |
Ffrances | Française |
Ffrancod | French people |
Ffrangeg | French (language) |
iawn ! | ok! |
da iawn ! | very good! |
→ Wales: maps, heritage & documents
→ Welsh anthem: Hen Wlad fy Nhadau (Land of my Fathers) bilingual Welsh, English & Breton version