To type directly with the computer keyboard:

• Type aa or â to get ā
• For the letters with a diacritical mark, add an apostrophe,
  example: t', j' (or c), H' (or x), d', s', S', T', G', k' (or g)
• Type tt, dd, ll, nn, rr for the special characters of the Punjabi
• Type h' pour ʰ (for the aspirate consonants)
• Type - for the hamza
• Type y-- to get ئ
• Type &a, &u, &i for the diacritics and && to mark a long consonant